Which of the following is considered 'on-duty' time?

'On-duty' time refers to any period during which a driver is required to be available and prepared to perform their driving duties or activities related to the operation of the commercial vehicle. The activities that fall under 'on-duty' time include tasks such as vehicle inspections, where the driver is actively engaged in ensuring that the vehicle is in a safe, operational condition. This task is critical for safety and compliance with regulations, and it contributes directly to the responsibilities the driver must perform.

In contrast, meal breaks, sleeping in a sleeper berth, and personal use of the vehicle do not reflect 'on-duty' time. Meal breaks are typically considered off-duty as they provide the driver with the opportunity to rest and recuperate. Sleeping in a sleeper berth is also classified as off-duty time since that time is specifically reserved for rest. Personal use of the vehicle is not related to the professional duties of operating the vehicle for business purposes, hence it does not count as 'on-duty' time either. Understanding what constitutes 'on-duty' time is crucial for compliance with regulations and for effective time management for drivers.